Saul

Lore & Background

The Edomite Saul appears briefly in the genealogical succession of Edomite kings, reigning after Samlah and before Baalhanan (Genesis 36:37-38). No further details about his reign or deeds are given in the passages. The Israelite Saul is introduced as the son of Kish, a handsome and tall young man sent to find lost donkeys (1 Samuel 9:2-3). During this search, he and his servant visit the prophet Samuel, who has been divinely informed that Saul will rule Israel (1 Samuel 9:15, 17). Samuel honors Saul with a meal and private conversation (1 Samuel 9:22-25), then anoints him privately (1 Samuel 9:27).

Reader's Guide

The passages portray Saul primarily through his selection and early interactions with Samuel. The Edomite Saul is merely a name in a king list, with no characterization. The Israelite Saul is depicted as physically impressive (1 Samuel 9:2) but self-deprecating, calling his tribe and family the least (1 Samuel 9:21). His obedience to his father (1 Samuel 9:3) and his practical concern about gifts for the man of God (1 Samuel 9:7) show a dutiful and thoughtful nature. Samuel's role as God's intermediary is central: God reveals Saul's identity to Samuel (1 Samuel 9:15, 17), and Samuel anoints him (1 Samuel 9:27). Saul's prophetic episode (1 Samuel 10:11-12) marks a spiritual transformation that astonishes his community. The narrative emphasizes divine choice over human expectation, as Saul's hiding at his selection (1 Samuel 10:21) suggests reluctance. The passages end with Saul returning to Gibeah with a divinely inspired band (1 Samuel 10:26) and the people weeping at news (1 Samuel 11:4), indicating his emerging role as a leader in a time of distress.

Did You Know?

• The Edomite king Saul reigned in Rehoboth by the river, a location not further described in these passages (Genesis 36:37).
• The Israelite Saul was taller than any other person in Israel, from his shoulders upward (1 Samuel 9:2).
• Saul's father Kish owned donkeys that went missing, prompting Saul's journey to Samuel (1 Samuel 9:3).
• When publicly chosen as king by lot, Saul hid himself and could not be found (1 Samuel 10:21).

Notable Quotes (Wikiquote)

"So David swore to Saul. And Saul went home, but David and his men went up to the stronghold." — Saul "And stubbornness is as iniquity and idolatry." — Saul "He also has rejected you from being king." — Saul "Joab and Abishai also pursued Abner. And the sun was going down when they came to the hill of Ammah, which is before Giah by the road to the Wilderness of Gibeon." — Saul